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Shloka 63

Kailāsa-darśana, Badarī-vāsa, and Sarasvatī–Dvaitavana Transition (कैलासदर्शन–बदरीवास–सरस्वतीद्वैतवनगमनम्)

पेतुः पुत्रान्‌ पितृन्‌ भ्रातूनू शोचमाना महीतले रुदत्यो दीनकण्ठ्यस्तु निनदन्त्यो हतेश्वरा:

petuḥ putrān pitṝn bhrātṝn śocamānā mahītale | rudatyo dīna-kaṇṭhyas tu ninadantyo hateśvarāḥ ||

Bereft of their protectors, the women fell upon the earth, lamenting for their sons, fathers, and brothers. With voices choked by grief they wept aloud, raising a wailing cry in their helplessness after their lords had been slain.

पेतुःfell
पेतुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपत् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत), 3, Plural, परस्मैपदम्
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पितॄन्fathers
पितॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भ्रातॄन्brothers
भ्रातॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शोचमानाःlamenting, grieving
शोचमानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशुच् (धातु)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Feminine, Nominative, Plural
महीतलेon the ground (earth-surface)
महीतले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहीतल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
रुदत्यःweeping
रुदत्यः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरुद् (धातु)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Feminine, Nominative, Plural
दीनकण्ठ्यःwith feeble/woeful throats (weak-voiced)
दीनकण्ठ्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदीनकण्ठी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
निनदन्त्यःwailing, making loud cries
निनदन्त्यः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनद् (धातु)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Feminine, Nominative, Plural
हतwhen (they were) slain
हत:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formक्त (भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त), Masculine, Locative, Plural
ईश्वराःlords, masters (protectors)
ईश्वराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootईश्वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

अजुन उवाच

P
putrāḥ (sons)
P
pitaraḥ/pitṝn (fathers)
B
bhrātaraḥ (brothers)
S
striyaḥ (women, implied by feminine forms)
M
mahī (earth/ground)
Ī
īśvarāḥ (lords/protectors, slain)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds the human cost of killing: when protectors fall, the vulnerable—especially women and families—bear crushing grief. It implicitly urges ethical reflection on violence and the duty of rulers and warriors to consider the suffering that follows bloodshed.

Arjuna describes a scene of aftermath: women, having lost their husbands/protectors, collapse to the ground and mourn loudly for their sons, fathers, and brothers, their voices weakened by sorrow as they wail in distress.