Shloka 13

हिरण्यपुरमित्येवं ख्यायते नगरं महत्‌ रक्षितं कालकेयैश्न पौलोमैश्न महासुरै:,यह विशाल नगर हिरण्यपुरके नामसे विख्यात है। कालकेय तथा पौलोम नामक महान्‌ असुर इसकी रक्षा करते हैं

hiraṇyapuram ity evaṁ khyāyate nagaraṁ mahat | rakṣitaṁ kālakeyaiś ca paulomaiś ca mahāsuraiḥ ||

Arjuna said: “There is a great city renowned by the name Hiraṇyapura. It is guarded by the mighty Asuras known as the Kālakeyas and the Paulomas.”

हिरण्यपुरम्Hiraṇyapura (the city named ‘Golden-city’)
हिरण्यपुरम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहिरण्यपुर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus; as (so-called)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवम्in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
ख्यायतेis known; is famed
ख्यायते:
TypeVerb
Rootख्या (ख्यायते)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Ātmanepada, Passive/Ātmanepada usage
नगरम्city
नगरम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनगर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
महत्great; huge
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
रक्षितम्protected; guarded
रक्षितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष् (रक्षित)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
कालकेयैःby the Kālkeyas
कालकेयैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकालकेय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पौलोमैःby the Paulomas
पौलोमैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपौलोम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
महासुरैःby great Asuras (mighty demons)
महासुरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमहासुर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
H
Hiraṇyapura
K
Kālakeyas
P
Paulomas
A
Asuras

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores discernment in the face of power: a splendid, well-guarded stronghold may still belong to forces opposed to dharma. Ethical clarity requires looking beyond outward grandeur to the nature and aims of those who wield power.

Arjuna identifies and describes a great city named Hiraṇyapura and notes that it is protected by powerful Asura groups—the Kālakeyas and the Paulomas—setting up the sense of danger and the scale of opposition.