Shloka 40
Kuberasaras-darśana (Bhīma beholds Kubera’s guarded lotus-lake) / कुबेरसरः-दर्शनम्
Devanagari script
तस्माद् देशे च दुर्गे च शत्रुमित्रबलेषु च । नित्यं चारेण बोद्धव्यं स्थान वृद्धि: क्षयस्तथा,इसलिये राजाको उचित है कि वह देश और दुर्गमें अपने शत्रु और मित्रोंके सैनिकोंकी स्थिति, वृद्धि और क्षयका गुप्तचरोंद्वारा सदा पता लगाता रहे
Translation
Therefore, a king should always learn through spies the situation in the realm and in the forts, and likewise the strength of enemies and allies—where they stand, and how they increase or decline.
Word by Word
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, ablative, singular
देशेin the country/region
देशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदेश
Formmasculine, locative, singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
दुर्गेin the fort
दुर्गे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्ग
Formneuter, locative, singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
शत्रु-मित्र-बलेषुamong the forces of enemies and friends
शत्रु-मित्र-बलेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
Formneuter, locative, plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
चारेणby a spy/through spies
चारेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootचार
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
बोद्धव्यम्should be ascertained/known
बोद्धव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
Formgerundive (tavya), neuter, nominative, singular, passive, should be known/ascertained
स्थानम्position/situation
स्थानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्थान
Formneuter, accusative, singular
वृद्धिःincrease
वृद्धिः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्धि
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
क्षयःdecrease/decline
क्षयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तथाalso/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes