Shloka 10

स पुत्रकामो नृपतिस्तप्यते सम महत्तपः । पत्नीभ्यां सह राजेन्द्र कैलासं गिरिमाश्रित:

sa putrakāmo nṛpatis tapyate sma mahattapaḥ | patnībhyāṃ saha rājendra kailāsaṃ girim āśritaḥ ||

O king, that ruler—longing for a son—undertook severe austerities. Accompanied by his two queens, he took refuge on Mount Kailāsa.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पुत्रकामःdesiring a son
पुत्रकामः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपुत्रकाम
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
नृपतिःking
नृपतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृपति
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तप्यतेdoes penance / practices austerity
तप्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootतप्
Formpresent, lat, ātmanepada, third, singular, active (ātmanepada usage)
समम्equally; fully
समम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
महत्great
महत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
तपःausterity; penance
तपः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
पत्नीभ्याम्with (his) two wives
पत्नीभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपत्नी
Formfeminine, instrumental, dual
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
राजेन्द्रO king of kings
राजेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootराजेन्द्र
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
कैलासम्Kailāsa
कैलासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकैलास
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
गिरिम्mountain
गिरिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगिरि
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
आश्रितःhaving resorted to; dwelling in
आश्रितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-श्रि
Formpast passive participle (kta), masculine, nominative, singular

लोगश उवाच

N
nṛpati (the king)
P
patnī (two queens)
K
Kailāsa (mountain)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the dharmic ideal that even a king, when seeking a legitimate aim like progeny and continuity of the lineage, should pursue it through self-discipline (tapas) and restraint rather than through impulsive or unethical means.

A king who desires a son goes to Mount Kailāsa and performs intense austerities, accompanied by his two queens, indicating a purposeful, vow-based quest for divine or karmic fulfillment of his wish.