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Shloka 17

अध्याय ८७: कृष्णस्य हस्तिनापुरप्रवेशः

Krishna’s Entry into Hastināpura and Court Reception

ततो दुर्योधनमिदं धृतराष्ट्रोडब्रवीद्‌ वच: । मैवं वोच: प्रजापाल नैष धर्म: सनातन:,तदनन्तर धृतराष्ट्रने दुर्योधनसे कहा--'प्रजापालक दुर्योधन! तुम ऐसी बात मुँहसे न निकालो। यह सनातन धर्म नहीं है

tato duryodhanam idaṃ dhṛtarāṣṭro 'bravīd vacaḥ | mā evaṃ vocaḥ prajā-pāla naiṣa dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ ||

Then Dhṛtarāṣṭra addressed Duryodhana with these words: “O protector of the people, do not speak in this way. This is not the eternal (sanātana) dharma.”

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formअव्यय
दुर्योधनम्Duryodhana (as object addressed/mentioned)
दुर्योधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
धृतराष्ट्रःDhritarashtra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
उवाचsaid, spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formलिट् (परस्मैपद), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन
वचःspeech, words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (prohibitive particle)
एवम्thus, in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
Formअव्यय
वोचःyou should say / utter (with मा: do not utter)
वोचः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formलुङ् (आज्ञार्थे/विधिलिङर्थे निषेधेन सह), मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन
प्रजापालO protector of the people
प्रजापाल:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजापाल
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-प्रथमा, एकवचन
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (एष)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
धर्मःdharma, righteous conduct
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
सनातनःeternal, ancient
सनातनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (धर्मः इति विशेषणम्)

वैशम्पायन उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

A ruler must restrain speech and intention by the standard of sanātana-dharma: not every impulse or policy is legitimate merely because it serves power; conduct must align with enduring moral law and the responsibilities of kingship.

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war deliberations, Dhṛtarāṣṭra responds to Duryodhana’s stance or utterance and admonishes him not to speak so, explicitly judging it contrary to the eternal dharma expected of a prajā-pāla (guardian of the people).