Shloka 12

यथा पुरस्तात्‌ सविता दृश्यते शुक्रमुच्चरन्‌ । यथा च पश्चान्निर्मुक्तो ध्रुवं पर्येति रश्मिवान्‌

yathā purastāt savitā dṛśyate śukram uccaran | yathā ca paścān nirmukto dhruvaṃ paryeti raśmivān ||

Vaiśaṃpāyana said: “Just as the Sun is seen in the east, rising and casting forth brilliant radiance, and just as, having moved onward, the radiant one steadily courses toward the west—so too does this matter proceed with unfailing, orderly certainty.”

यथाjust as
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
पुरस्तात्in front; in the east; before
पुरस्तात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस्तात्
सविताthe Sun (Savitar)
सविता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दृश्यतेis seen; appears
दृश्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive
शुक्रम्brightness; radiance
शुक्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशुक्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उच्चरन्uttering; sending forth; emitting
उच्चरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-चर्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाjust as
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पश्चात्behind; in the west; afterwards
पश्चात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
निर्मुक्तःreleased; set free; having been freed
निर्मुक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootनिर्-मुच्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
ध्रुवम्certainly; surely
ध्रुवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootध्रुव
पर्येतिgoes around; moves about; traverses
पर्येति:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-इ
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
रश्मिवान्possessing rays; radiant
रश्मिवान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootरश्मिवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
S
Savitṛ (the Sun)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses the Sun’s regular course as an image of certainty and order: events unfold with a steady inevitability, suggesting an underlying cosmic law (ṛta) that frames human action and its consequences.

Vaiśaṃpāyana employs a natural simile—sunrise and the Sun’s onward movement—to underscore that the situation being described is proceeding in a fixed, predictable way, as part of the unfolding momentum toward the coming conflict.