Shloka 9

यथान्यायं कौशलं वन्दनं च समागता मद्वचनेन वाच्या: । इदं ब्रूया: संजय राजमध्ये सुयोधनं पापकृतां प्रधानम्‌,“संजय! तुम शान्तनुनन्दन पितामह भीष्म, राजा धुृतराष्ट्र, आचार्य द्रोण, कृपाचार्य, कर्ण, महाराज बाह्नलीक, अश्वत्थामा, सोमदत्त, सुबलपुत्र शकुनि, दुःशासन, शल, पुरुमित्र, विविंशति, विकर्ण, चित्रसेन, राजा जयत्सेन, अवन्तीके राजकुमार विन्द और अनुविन्‍न्द, कौरवयोद्धा दुर्मुख, सिंधुराज जयद्रथ, दुःसह, भूरिश्रवा, राजा भगदत्त, भूपाल जलसन्ध तथा अन्य जो-जो नरेश कौरवोंका प्रिय करनेके लिये युद्धके उद्देश्यसे वहाँ एकत्र हुए हैं, जिनकी मृत्यु बहुत ही निकट है, जिन्हें दुर्योधनने पाण्डवरूपी प्रज्वलित अग्निमें होमनेके लिये बुलाया है, उन सबसे मिलकर मेरी ओरसे यथायोग्य प्रणाम आदि कहकर उनका कुशल-मंगल पूछना। संजय! तत्पश्चात्‌ उन राजाओंके समुदायमें ही पापात्माओंमें प्रधान, असहिष्णु, दुर्बुद्धि, पापाचारी और अत्यन्त लोभी राजकुमार दुर्योधन और उसके मन्त्रियोंकोी मेरी कही हुई ये सारी बातें सुनाना'

yathānyāyaṁ kauśalaṁ vandanaṁ ca samāgatā madvacanena vācyāḥ | idaṁ brūyāḥ sañjaya rājamadhye suyodhanaṁ pāpakṛtāṁ pradhānam ||

Sañjaya said: “In accordance with propriety, convey my greetings, respectful salutations, and inquiries after the welfare of all those who have assembled, as my message directs. Then, in the midst of the kings, speak this to Suyodhana—foremost among evildoers.”

यथाas, according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
अन्यायम्injustice
अन्यायम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्याय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कौशलम्welfare, well-being
कौशलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकौशल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वन्दनम्salutation
वन्दनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवन्दन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
समागताःassembled, gathered
समागताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-गम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Past active (kta/ktavatu sense)
मत्-वचनेनby my words/command
मत्-वचनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमत्-वचन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वाच्याःare to be addressed/spoken to
वाच्याः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Gerundive (tavya/ya)
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ब्रूयाःyou should say
ब्रूयाः:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
संजयO Sanjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
राज-मध्येin the midst of kings / in the royal assembly
राज-मध्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराज-मध्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सुयोधनम्Suyodhana (Duryodhana)
सुयोधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुयोधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पाप-कृताम्of evil-doers
पाप-कृताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपाप-कृत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्रधानम्chief, foremost
प्रधानम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रधान
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Suyodhana (Duryodhana)
K
kings/royal assembly (rāja-sabhā implied)

Educational Q&A

Even amid impending conflict, one should follow yathānyāya—proper, dharmic protocol—offering respectful greetings and welfare-inquiries; yet moral judgment is not suspended, as Duryodhana is explicitly characterized as foremost among wrongdoers.

Sañjaya reports instructions to deliver a formal message: first convey courteous salutations and inquiries to the assembled kings, then publicly address Duryodhana in the royal gathering with the intended statement, marking him out as the chief of evildoers.