Shloka 30

इत्यब्रवीद्धूषीकेश: पार्थमुद्धर्षपयन्‌ गिरा । गर्जन्‌ समयवर्षीव गगने पाकशासन:,जैसे इन्द्र आकाशमें गर्जता हुआ समयपर वर्षा करता है, उसी प्रकार भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णने अर्जुनको अपनी वाणीसे आनन्दित करते हुए उपर्युक्त बात कही

ity abravīd dhūṣīkeśaḥ pārtham uddharṣayan girā | garjan samayavarṣīva gagane pākaśāsanaḥ ||

Thus Hṛṣīkeśa (Śrī Kṛṣṇa) spoke, heartening Pārtha (Arjuna) with his words. Like Pākaśāsana (Indra), who thunders in the sky and sends rain in due season, Kṛṣṇa’s speech resounded with power and timeliness—meant to strengthen resolve in the face of impending conflict.

इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
Formindeclinable (quotative particle)
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formलुङ् (aorist), परस्मैपद, 3rd person, singular
हृषीकेशःHrishikesha (Krishna)
हृषीकेशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहृषीकेश
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पार्थम्to Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
उद्धर्षयन्gladdening/cheering
उद्धर्षयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-हृष्
Formpresent active participle (शतृ), masculine, nominative, singular
गिराby (his) speech/voice
गिरा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगिर्
Formfeminine, instrumental, singular
गर्जन्roaring/thundering
गर्जन्:
TypeVerb
Rootगर्ज्
Formpresent active participle (शतृ), masculine, nominative, singular
समयवर्षीraining at the proper time/seasonal-rainer
समयवर्षी:
TypeAdjective
Rootसमयवर्षिन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
Formindeclinable (simile particle)
गगनेin the sky
गगने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगगन
Formneuter, locative, singular
पाकशासनःPākashāsana (Indra)
पाकशासनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाकशासन
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

वायुदेव उवाच

H
Hṛṣīkeśa (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
P
Pākaśāsana (Indra)
G
gagana (the sky)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical force of timely, purposeful counsel: Kṛṣṇa’s words are not mere rhetoric but a dharmic encouragement that steadies Arjuna’s mind and strengthens resolve at a critical moment, like life-sustaining rain arriving in its proper season.

Vāyudeva narrates that Kṛṣṇa (Hṛṣīkeśa) addresses Arjuna (Pārtha), uplifting him through powerful speech. The comparison to Indra’s thunder and seasonal rain emphasizes the majesty and effectiveness of Kṛṣṇa’s exhortation in the lead-up to decisive events.