Shloka 7

Devanagari script

श्र॒त्वा चैवं मयोक्तास्तु भीष्मद्रोणकृपास्तदा । ज्ञातिक्षयभयाद्‌ राजन्‌ भीतेन भरतर्षभ

Transliteration

śrutvā caivaṁ mayoktās tu bhīṣma-droṇa-kṛpās tadā | jñāti-kṣaya-bhayād rājan bhītena bharatarṣabha ||

Translation

Duryodhana said: “When Bhīṣma, Droṇa, and Kṛpa heard what I had said, O King—O bull among the Bharatas—they were then seized by fear, for they foresaw the ruin of their own kinsmen.”

Word by Word

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भाव (active sense)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एवम्: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Instrumental, Singular

• उक्ताः: spoken / addressed
• उक्ताः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तु: but
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• भीष्म-द्रोण-कृपाः: Bhishma, Drona, and Kripa
• भीष्म-द्रोण-कृपाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म + द्रोण + कृप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तदा: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• ज्ञाति-क्षय-भयात्: from fear of the destruction of kinsmen
• ज्ञाति-क्षय-भयात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञाति + क्षय + भय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• भीतेन: by/with (one who is) afraid
• भीतेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भी (धातु) / भीत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• भरत-ऋषभ: O bull of the Bharatas
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत + ऋषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

दुर्योधन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Duryodhana
• Bhīṣma
• Droṇa
• Kṛpa
• Bharatas (dynasty)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even revered elders can be shaken when a course of action points toward the destruction of one’s own kin; the verse highlights the ethical weight of decisions that lead to fratricidal war and the moral anxiety it provokes.

What is happening in the narrative?

Duryodhana reports to the king that after hearing his words, the senior warriors—Bhīṣma, Droṇa, and Kṛpa—became fearful because they anticipated a catastrophic loss of relatives in the coming conflict.