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Shloka 36

Chapter 49: Sañjaya’s Enumeration of the Pāṇḍava Coalition (पाण्डवसैन्यसमागम-वर्णनम्)

यः कलिड्जान्‌ समापेदे पाज्चाल्यो युद्धदुर्मद: । शिखण्डिना व: कुरव: कृतास्त्रेणाभ्ययुज्जत,कौरवो! वह टद्रुपदकुमार युद्धमें उन्‍्मत्त होकर लड़नेवाला है। उसीने कलिंगदेशीय क्षत्रियोंको पराजित किया था। उस अस्त्रवेत्ता वीरका नाम शिखण्डी है, जिसके बलपर पाण्डवोंने आपलोगोंसे युद्धकी तैयारी की है

sañjaya uvāca | yaḥ kaliṅgān samāpede pāñcālyo yuddha-durmadaḥ | śikhaṇḍinā vaḥ kuravaḥ kṛtāstreṇābhyayujjata, kaurava ||

Sañjaya said: “That Pāñcāla prince, intoxicated with the ardor of battle, who once subdued the warriors of Kaliṅga—he is the arms-trained hero Śikhaṇḍin. Relying on his strength and martial skill, the Pāṇḍavas have made ready to engage you Kurus in war, O Kaurava.”

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कलिङ्गान्the Kalingas (people of Kalinga)
कलिङ्गान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकलिङ्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
समापेदेovercame, subdued
समापेदे:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आपद्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पाञ्चाल्यःthe Panchala prince (Shikhandin)
पाञ्चाल्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युद्ध-दुर्मदःmad with battle, battle-intoxicated
युद्ध-दुर्मदः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्मद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शिखण्डिनाby/with Shikhandin
शिखण्डिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशिखण्डिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वःof you (your)
वः:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Plural
कुरवःO Kurus
कुरवः:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Plural
कृत-अस्त्रेणwith prepared weapons / being armed
कृत-अस्त्रेण:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतास्त्र
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
अभ्ययुज्जतthey engaged/attacked, they joined in battle
अभ्ययुज्जत:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-युज्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
कौरवO Kaurava
कौरव:
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
S
Shikhandin (Śikhaṇḍī)
K
Kalinga (Kaliṅga)
P
Panchala (Pāñcāla)
K
Kurus/Kauravas (Kuravaḥ/Kaurava)
P
Pandavas (implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of war through the lens of kshatriya duty and preparedness: martial excellence and prior victories become instruments in a larger conflict, reminding the listener that war is driven not only by claims and rights but also by strategic reliance on capable warriors.

Sanjaya informs the Kaurava side that the Pandavas are relying on the weapon-trained warrior Shikhandin—renowned for having defeated the Kalingas—and are preparing to confront the Kurus in battle with him as a key support.