Shloka 1
अर पडठ्चचत्वारिशो< ध्याय: गुण-दोषोंके लक्षणोंका वर्णन और ब्रह्मविद्याका प्रतिपादन सनत्युजात उवाच शोक: क्रोधश्व॒ लोभश्व॒ कामो मान: परासुता | ईर्ष्या मोहो विधित्सा च कृपासूया जुगुप्सुता
sanatyajāta uvāca | śokaḥ krodhaś ca lobhaś ca kāmo mānaḥ parāsutā | īrṣyā moho vidhitsā ca kṛpā sūyā jugupsutā ||
Sanatjāta said: “Sorrow, anger, greed, desire, pride, and the urge to surpass others; envy, delusion, the will to injure, misplaced pity, malice, and disgust—these are the inner marks by which human faults are recognized.”
सनत्युजात उवाच
Educational Q&A
Sanatyajāta begins by identifying a cluster of inner dispositions—grief, anger, greed, craving, pride, envy, delusion, harmful intent, spite, etc.—as recognizable signs of moral and spiritual downfall. The implied lesson is that ethical life and higher knowledge require vigilance over these inner faults.
In Udyoga Parva, Sanatyajāta addresses Dhṛtarāṣṭra in a didactic discourse. This opening verse sets the tone by listing the principal दोष (faults) whose presence disturbs judgment and dharma, preparing the ground for subsequent instruction on right conduct and brahma-knowledge.