Shloka 48
Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Pramāda as Mṛtyu
Chapter 42
Devanagari script
ज्ञानं वै नाम प्रत्यक्ष परोक्षं जायते तपः । विद्याद् बहु पठन्तं तु द्विजं वै बहुपाठिनम्,क्योंकि परमात्माके ज्ञानका फल प्रत्यक्ष है और तपका फल परोक्ष है (इसलिये ज्ञानका ही आश्रय लेना चाहिये)। बहुत पढ़नेवाले ब्राह्मणको केवल बहुपाठी (बहुज्ञ) समझना चाहिये
Translation
The fruit of knowledge is direct and evident, whereas the fruit of austerity (tapas) is indirect. Therefore one should take refuge in knowledge. And a dvija—a Brahmin—who reads much should be regarded merely as a “much‑read” man.
Word by Word
ज्ञानम्knowledge
ज्ञानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
नामnamely / in name
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
प्रत्यक्षम्directly perceptible
प्रत्यक्षम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रत्यक्ष
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
परोक्षम्indirect / not directly perceptible
परोक्षम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरोक्ष
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
जायतेarises / is produced
जायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
तपःausterity / penance
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विद्यात्one should know / should understand
विद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormOptative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
बहुmuch / many
बहु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहु
पठन्तम्reading (one who reads)
पठन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootपठ्
FormPresent active participle (Parasmaipada), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut / however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
द्विजम्a twice-born (brahmin)
द्विजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
बहुपाठिनम्one who has read much / a great reader
बहुपाठिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबहुपाठिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
सनत्युजात उवाच
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes