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Shloka 32

उद्योगपर्व — विदुरनीतिः (Adhyāya 37): आयुःक्षयहेतवः, नीतिसूत्राणि, बलभेदाः, पाण्डव-विग्रहदोषदर्शनम्

मूर्खोंद्रारा सेवित निरर्थक कलहका बुद्धिमान्‌ पुरुषको त्याग कर देना चाहिये। ऐसा करनेसे उसे लोकमें यश मिलता है और अनर्थका सामना नहीं करना पड़ता ।। प्रसादो निष्फलो यस्य क्रोधश्चापि निरर्थक: । नतं भर्तारमिच्छन्ति षण्ढं पतिमिव स्त्रिय:,जिसके प्रसन्न होनेका कोई फल नहीं तथा जिसका क्रोध भी व्यर्थ होता है, ऐसे राजाको प्रजा उसी भाँति नहीं चाहती, जैसे स्त्री नपुंसक पतिको

prasādo niṣphalo yasya krodhaś cāpi nirarthakaḥ | na taṁ bhartāram icchanti ṣaṇḍhaṁ patim iva striyaḥ ||

Vidura says: A ruler whose favour yields no real benefit, and whose anger is equally ineffectual, is not desired as a lord by his people—just as women do not wish for an impotent husband. The ethical point is that authority must be meaningful: reward should encourage virtue and service, and punishment should restrain wrongdoing; otherwise leadership becomes contemptible and socially destabilizing.

प्रसादःfavor, grace, satisfaction
प्रसादः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रसाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निष्फलःfruitless, ineffective
निष्फलः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिष्फल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
क्रोधःanger
क्रोधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
निरर्थकःuseless, purposeless
निरर्थकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरर्थक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तम्him, that (person)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भर्तारम्protector, ruler, husband (here: ruler/king)
भर्तारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इच्छन्तिthey desire, they want
इच्छन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
षण्ढम्eunuch, impotent man
षण्ढम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootषण्ढ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पतिम्husband, lord
पतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
स्त्रियःwomen
स्त्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
K
king/ruler (implied)
S
subjects/people (prajā, implied)
W
women (striyaḥ)
I
impotent husband (ṣaṇḍha-pati)