Shloka 52

हंस–साध्यसंवादः, वाक्-निग्रहः, महाकुल-लक्षणम्, शान्ति-उपायः

Hamsa–Sādhya Dialogue; Restraint of Speech; Marks of Noble Lineage; Means to Peace

Devanagari script

बल॑ पञ्चविध॑ नित्यं पुरुषाणां निबोध मे । यत्‌ तु बाहुबलं नाम कनिष्ठं बलमुच्यते

Transliteration

balaṁ pañcavidhaṁ nityaṁ puruṣāṇāṁ nibodha me | yat tu bāhubalaṁ nāma kaniṣṭhaṁ balam ucyate ||

Translation

Vidura said: “Understand from me that the strength of human beings is always of five kinds. Of these, what is called mere strength of the arms is spoken of as the lowest form of strength.”

Word by Word

• बलम्: strength
• बलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• पञ्चविधम्: fivefold
• पञ्चविधम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्चविध
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• नित्यम्: always
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य

• पुरुषाणाम्: of men/persons
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• निबोध: understand; know
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + बुध्
• Form: Imperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• मे: of me; my
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• यत्: that which
• यत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but; indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• बाहुबलम्: strength of the arms; physical strength
• बाहुबलम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाहुबल
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• नाम: called; by name
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम

• कनिष्ठम्: the least; the lowest
• कनिष्ठम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कनिष्ठ
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• बलम्: strength
• बलम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• उच्यते: is said; is called
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Passive (Karmani)

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vidura