Shloka 30
हंस–साध्यसंवादः, वाक्-निग्रहः, महाकुल-लक्षणम्, शान्ति-उपायः
Hamsa–Sādhya Dialogue; Restraint of Speech; Marks of Noble Lineage; Means to Peace
घृणी राजा पुंश्चली राजभृत्य: पुत्रो भ्राता विधवा बालपुत्रा । सेनाजीवी चोद्धृत भूतिरेव व्यवहारेषु वर्जनीया: स्युरेते,अधिक दयालु राजा, व्यभिचारिणी स्त्री, राजकर्मचारी, पुत्र, भाई, छोटे बच्चोंवाली विधवा, सैनिक और जिसका अधिकार छीन लिया गया हो, वह पुरुष--इन सबके साथ लेन-देनका व्यवहार न करे
ghṛṇī rājā puṁścalī rājabhṛtyaḥ putro bhrātā vidhavā bālaputrā | senājīvī coddhṛtabhūtir eva vyavahāreṣu varjanīyāḥ syur ete ||
Vidura advises that one should be cautious in worldly dealings and avoid entering financial or legal transactions with certain persons whose position, dependence, or instability can easily lead to dispute: a king who is excessively sentimental, a promiscuous woman, a servant of the king, one’s own son or brother, a widow burdened with young children, a soldier who lives by war, and a person whose property or rights have been taken away. The ethical point is prudence: compassion and kinship do not remove the risks of partiality, coercion, or litigation in matters of exchange and contracts.
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Vidura teaches practical nīti: in matters of contracts, money, and litigation, avoid dealings with persons whose dependence, volatility, or vulnerability tends to produce coercion, bias, or conflict—so that dharma is protected through prudent conduct.
In Udyoga Parva, Vidura delivers counsel on statecraft and ethical living. Here he lists categories of people with whom one should not engage in formal transactions, as part of broader guidance meant to prevent quarrels and injustice during a tense political moment.