Shloka 37
Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum
Udyoga-parva 35
न तम्मित्र॑ं यस्य कोपाद् बिभेति यद् वा मित्र शड़कितेनोपचर्यम् । यस्मिन् मित्रे पितरीवाश्वसीत तद् वै मित्र सड़तानीतराणि,जिसके कोपसे भयभीत होना पड़े तथा शंकित होकर जिसकी सेवा की जाय, वह मित्र नहीं है। मित्र तो वही है, जिसपर पिताकी भाँति विश्वास किया जा सके; दूसरे तो साथीमात्र हैं
na tan mitraṁ yasya kopād bibheti yad vā mitra śaṅkitena upacaryam | yasmin mitre pitarīva āśvasīta tad vai mitraṁ saṅgatāni itarāṇi ||
Vidura says: He is not a true friend whose anger makes one afraid, or whom one must serve with suspicion. A friend is the one in whom one can rest trust as in a father; the rest are merely associates brought together by circumstance.
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
A genuine friend is defined by safety and trust: if someone’s anger inspires fear or if one must deal with them suspiciously, that relationship is not true friendship. True friendship resembles the secure confidence one has in a father; others are merely companions or convenient associates.
In the Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers moral and political counsel during the tense pre-war negotiations. Here he clarifies the standard of ‘mitra’ (friend) to guide right judgment in alliances and relationships, distinguishing trustworthy well-wishers from merely strategic or unstable associates.