Shloka 62

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)

Devanagari script

धर्मार्थो यः परित्यज्य स्यादिन्द्रियवशानुग: । श्रीप्राणधनदारेभ्य: क्षिप्रं स परिहीयते,जो धर्म और अर्थका परित्याग करके इन्द्रियोंके वशमें हो जाता है, वह शीघ्र ही ऐश्वर्य, प्राण, धन तथा स्त्रीसे भी हाथ धो बैठता है

Transliteration

dharmārtho yaḥ parityajya syād indriyavaśānugaḥ | śrīprāṇadhanadārebhyaḥ kṣipraṃ sa parihīyate ||

Translation

Vidura warns that a person who abandons dharma and artha and becomes a follower of the senses quickly falls away from every support of life: prosperity and status, vitality itself, wealth, and even one’s spouse.

Word by Word

• धर्मार्थौ: dharma and artha
• धर्मार्थौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक), अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परित्यज्य: having abandoned
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), non-finite

• स्यात्: would become / becomes
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• इन्द्रियवशानुगः: one who follows the control of the senses; sense-subjugated
• इन्द्रियवशानुगः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक) + वश (प्रातिपदिक) + अनुग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• श्रीप्राणधनदारेभ्यः: from prosperity, life-breath, wealth, and wife
• श्रीप्राणधनदारेभ्यः: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री (प्रातिपदिक) + प्राण (प्रातिपदिक) + धन (प्रातिपदिक) + दार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Plural

• क्षिप्रम्: quickly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्षिप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: true

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परिहीयते: is deprived / falls away / is lost
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-हा (धातु) / परि-ही (धातु, हानौ)
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada (passive-like sense)

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vidura
• dharma
• artha
• indriyas (senses)
• śrī (prosperity)
• prāṇa (life)
• dhana (wealth)
• dāra (wife/spouse)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

If one gives up dharma and artha and lets the senses rule, the result is rapid ruin: prosperity, life-force, wealth, and even marital stability are lost. Sense-control is presented as the practical safeguard of both virtue and worldly wellbeing.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Udyoga Parva, Vidura delivers counsel (Vidura-nīti) aimed at restraining destructive impulses in the Kuru court. This verse is part of his warning that indulgence and moral abandonment lead not only to ethical failure but to tangible collapse of power and household.