Shloka 4

आपलोगोंने दुर्योधनके प्रति कभी द्रोहका भाव नहीं रखा है, तो भी वह आपके प्रति जो क्रूरतापूर्ण व्यवहार करता है--द्रोही पुरुषोंके समान ही आचरण करता है, (दुर्योधनके लिये) यह उचित नहीं है। आप-जैसे साधु-स्वभाव लोगोंसे द्वेष करनेपर तो पुत्रोंसहित राजा धृतराष्ट्र असाधु और मित्रद्रोही ही समझे जायाँगे ।। न चानुजानाति भृशं च तप्यते शोचत्यन्त: स्थविरो5जातशत्रो | शृणोति हि ब्राह्मुणानां समेत्य मित्रद्रोह: पातकेभ्यो गरीयान्‌,अजातशत्रो! राजा धृतराष्ट्र अपने पुत्रोंकी आपसे द्वेष करनेकी आज्ञा नहीं देते; बल्कि आपके प्रति उनके द्रोहकी बात सुनकर वे मन-ही-मन अत्यन्त संतप्त होते तथा शोक किया करते हैं? क्योंकि वे अपने यहाँ पधारे हुए ब्राह्मणोंसे मिलकर सदा उनसे यही सुना करते हैं कि मित्रद्रोह सब पापोंसे बढ़कर है

sañjaya uvāca |

na cānujānāti bhṛśaṃ ca tapyate śocaty antaḥ sthaviro 'jātaśatro |

śṛṇoti hi brāhmaṇānāṃ sametya mitradrohaḥ pātakebhyo garīyān, ajātaśatro ||

Sañjaya said: “The aged king Dhṛtarāṣṭra—O Ajātaśatru—does not truly consent to his sons’ hostility toward you. Rather, when he hears of their treachery against you, he is deeply pained and grieves inwardly; for, having met with visiting brāhmaṇas, he repeatedly hears from them that betrayal of a friend is heavier than all other sins.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनुजानातिpermits/assents
अनुजानाति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु√ज्ञा
FormLat, present, 3, singular, Parasmaipada
भृशम्excessively, greatly
भृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तप्यतेis pained/tormented
तप्यते:
TypeVerb
Root√तप्
FormLat, present, 3, singular, Atmanepada, middle
शोचतिgrieves
शोचति:
TypeVerb
Root√शुच्
FormLat, present, 3, singular, Parasmaipada
अन्तःwithin, inwardly
अन्तः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्तः
स्थविरःthe aged (one)
स्थविरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थविर
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अजातशत्रोO Ajātaśatru (one whose enemy is not born)
अजातशत्रो:
TypeNoun
Rootअजातशत्रु
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
शृणोतिhears
शृणोति:
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु
FormLat, present, 3, singular, Parasmaipada
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
ब्राह्मणानाम्of Brahmins
ब्राह्मणानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
समेत्यhaving met/approached
समेत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-इ (सम् + √इ)
Formktvā (absolutive/gerund)
मित्रद्रोहःbetrayal of a friend
मित्रद्रोहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमित्रद्रोह
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पातकेभ्यःthan sins
पातकेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपातक
Formneuter, ablative, plural
गरीयान्heavier/greater
गरीयान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootगरियस् (गुरु-तरा/गरियस्)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular, comparative
अजातशत्रोO Ajātaśatru
अजातशत्रो:
TypeNoun
Rootअजातशत्रु
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

सयजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
A
Ajātaśatru (Yudhiṣṭhira)
B
brāhmaṇas
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons (Kauravas, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse elevates loyalty to friends as a central ethical duty: ‘mitradroha’ (betrayal of a friend) is portrayed as more grievous than other sins, and even a compromised ruler is shown as inwardly tormented when this dharma is violated.

Sañjaya addresses Yudhiṣṭhira (Ajātaśatru), explaining that Dhṛtarāṣṭra does not wholeheartedly sanction his sons’ enmity; he suffers internally because brāhmaṇas repeatedly remind him that betraying a friend is a grave moral offence.