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Shloka 1

भीष्म–जामदग्न्यसंवादः (Amba-prasaṅga and Kurukṣetra Dvandva Declaration) / Bhishma–Jamadagnya Dialogue

भीकम (2 अमान एकोनाशीरत्याधिेकशततमो<् ध्याय: संकल्पनिर्मित रथपर आरूढ़ परशुरामजीके साथ भीष्मका युद्ध प्रारम्भ करना भीष्म उवाच तमहं स्मयन्निव रणे प्रत्यभाषं व्यवस्थितम्‌ । भूमिष्ठं नोत्सहे योद्धुं भवन्तं रथमास्थित:,भीष्मजी कहते हैं--राजन्‌! तब मैं युद्धके लिये खड़े हुए परशुरामजीसे मुसकराता हुआ-सा बोला--'ब्रह्मन! मैं रथपर बैठा हूँ और आप भूमिपर खड़े हैं। ऐसी दशामें मैं आपके साथ युद्ध नहीं कर सकता

bhīṣma uvāca | tam ahaṁ smayann iva raṇe pratyabhāṣaṁ vyavasthitam | bhūmiṣṭhaṁ notsahe yoddhuṁ bhavantaṁ ratham āsthitaḥ ||

Bhīṣma said: “O King, then—seeing Paraśurāma standing ready in the battlefield—I addressed him with a faint, almost smiling composure: ‘O Brāhmaṇa, I am mounted on a chariot while you stand on the ground. In such a situation, I do not deem it proper to fight you.’”

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
स्मयन्smiling
स्मयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्मि (स्मयते)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रत्यभाषम्I replied / addressed
प्रत्यभाषम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-भाष्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
व्यवस्थितम्standing firm / stationed
व्यवस्थितम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवि-अव-स्था
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
भूमिष्ठम्standing on the ground
भूमिष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभूमि-स्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उत्सहेI am able / I dare
उत्सहे:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्सह्
FormPresent (लट्), 1st, Singular, Atmanepada
योद्धुम्to fight
योद्धुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
भवन्तम्you (honorific)
भवन्तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आस्थितःhaving mounted / seated on
आस्थितः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था
Formक्त (past active participle; in usage), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
P
Parashurama
C
chariot
B
battlefield
K
King (listener, likely Dhritarashtra)

Educational Q&A

Even in war, dharma governs conduct: Bhīṣma signals that combat should be fair and ethically situated, and that one should not exploit an unequal position (chariot-mounted versus standing on the ground), especially when addressing a revered Brāhmaṇa like Paraśurāma.

Bhīṣma recounts the opening of his confrontation with Paraśurāma. Seeing Paraśurāma ready for battle on foot, Bhīṣma—already on a chariot—speaks to him and expresses reluctance to fight under unequal conditions.