Shloka 38

युद्धयस्व समरे पार्थ येन विस्पर्थसे सह | द्रक्ष्यामि त्वां विनिर्मुक्तमस्माद्‌ युद्धात्‌ सुदुर्मते,दुर्मते! तू जिसके साथ सदा स्पर्धा रखता है, उस अर्जुनके साथ समरभूमिमें युद्ध कर। मैं देखूँगा कि तू इस संग्रामसे किस प्रकार बच पाता है?

yudhyasva samare pārtha yena visparthase saha | drakṣyāmi tvāṁ vinirmuktam asmād yuddhāt sudurmate durmate ||

Bhīṣma said: “Fight on the battlefield, O Pārtha, with that Arjuna with whom you have always maintained rivalry. I shall see how you, of perverse understanding, can possibly escape from this war.”

युद्धयस्वfight!
युद्धयस्व:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formलोट्, आत्मनेपद, मध्यम, एकवचन
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
पार्थO son of Pritha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
येनwith whom
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
विस्पर्धसेyou rival/compete
विस्पर्धसे:
TypeVerb
Rootस्पर्ध्
Formलट्, आत्मनेपद, मध्यम, एकवचन
सहwith
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
द्रक्ष्यामिI shall see
द्रक्ष्यामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formलृट्, परस्मैपद, उत्तम, एकवचन
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
विनिर्मुक्तम्freed/escaped
विनिर्मुक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविनिर्मुक्त
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अस्मात्from this
अस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन
युद्धात्from the fight/war
युद्धात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन
सुदुर्मतेO very evil-minded one
सुदुर्मते:
TypeNoun
Rootसुदुर्मति
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
दुर्मतेO evil-minded one
दुर्मते:
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्मति
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pārtha
A
Arjuna
B
battlefield (samara)
W
war (yuddha)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the kṣatriya ethic of facing one’s appointed conflict without evasion: rivalry and honor culminate in direct confrontation, and moral weakness (durmati) is censured when it seeks escape from a justly undertaken battle.

Bhīṣma challenges the addressed warrior (called Pārtha) to fight Arjuna—his long-standing rival—declaring that he will witness whether the opponent can avoid or slip free from the impending war, while rebuking him as misguided (durmati).