Shloka 18

यथेच्छकं स्वयं ब्रूया रथानतिरथांस्तथा । कामद्वेषसमायुक्तो मोहात्‌ प्रकुरुते भवान्‌

yathecchakaṁ svayaṁ brūyā rathān atirathāṁs tathā | kāmadveṣasamāyukto mohāt prakurute bhavān ||

Bhīṣma said: “You speak entirely as you please, even in matters of charioteers and great chariot-warriors. But what you are doing now is born of delusion—driven by desire and aversion.”

यथाas, in the manner that
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
FormAvyaya (comparative/relative adverb)
इच्छकम्as one wishes; at will
इच्छकम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootइच्छक (इच्छा + क)
FormNeuter, accusative, singular (used adverbially)
स्वयम्oneself
स्वयम्:
Karta
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
FormAvyaya
ब्रूयात्should speak
ब्रूयात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (ब्रवीति)
FormOptative (vidhi-lin), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
रथान्chariots
रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, accusative, plural
अतिरथान्great chariot-warriors
अतिरथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअतिरथ
FormMasculine, accusative, plural
तथाso, likewise
तथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
FormAvyaya
कामद्वेषसमायुक्तःendowed with desire and hatred
कामद्वेषसमायुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकाम-द्वेष-समायुक्त
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
मोहात्from delusion; due to delusion
मोहात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमोह
FormMasculine, ablative, singular
प्रकुरुतेacts; behaves
प्रकुरुते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + कृ
FormPresent tense (lat), 3rd person, singular, atmanepada
भवान्you (sir)
भवान्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular (honorific 2nd person reference)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
ratha
A
atiratha

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma warns that speech and judgment become unreliable when driven by kāma (desire) and dveṣa (aversion). Ethical action requires clarity free from moha (delusion), not impulsive preference.

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war counsel, Bhīṣma rebukes the addressee for speaking arbitrarily and acting under the sway of desire and hatred, urging a more dharmic, clear-sighted stance as conflict approaches.