Shloka 61

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 123 — Bhīṣma–Droṇa–Vidura Upadeśa to Duryodhana

Keśava-vākya aftermath

Devanagari script

मा तात श्रियमायान्तीमवमंस्था: समुद्यताम्‌ | अर्ध प्रदाय पार्थेभ्यो महतीं श्रियमाप्लुहि

Transliteration

mā tāta śriyam āyantīm avamaṃsthāḥ samudyatām | ardhaṃ pradāya pārthebhyo mahatīṃ śriyam āpluhi ||

Translation

Vaiśaṃpāyana said: “Dear child, do not slight the royal fortune that is rising and coming to your house. Give half the kingdom to the sons of Kuntī (the Pāṇḍavas), and then enjoy great prosperity yourself.”

Word by Word

• मा: do not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा
• Form: Prohibitive particle (used with imperative/optative)

• तात: dear son / dear one
• Type: Noun
• Root: तात
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• श्रियम्: fortune, prosperity, royal fortune
• श्रियम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• आयान्तीम्: coming, approaching
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-या
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• अवमंस्थाः: despise / insult
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-मन्/मन्थ् (अवमंस्था as verbal noun from अवमंस्थ्/अवमन् in sense 'to despise')
• Form: Imperative, 2nd person, Singular, Parasmaipada (prohibitive with मा)

• समुद्यताम्: raised, ready, prepared (to come)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-उद्-यम्
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• अर्धम्: half
• अर्धम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्ध
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• प्रदाय: having given
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-दा
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय), indeclinable

• पार्थेभ्यः: to the sons of Pṛthā (the Pāṇḍavas)
• पार्थेभ्यः: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Plural

• महतीम्: great, vast
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• श्रियम्: prosperity, fortune
• श्रियम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• आप्लुहि: enjoy / attain / plunge into (prosperity)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-प्लु
• Form: Imperative, 2nd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• Śrī (Lakṣmī/royal fortune)
• Pārthas (sons of Kuntī/Pāṇḍavas)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Do not reject rightful prosperity by clinging to greed and pride; a ruler should choose fairness and reconciliation—sharing the kingdom with the Pāṇḍavas—so that peace and lasting prosperity may be secured.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Udyoga Parva’s diplomacy setting, counsel is being voiced (reported by Vaiśaṃpāyana) urging the Kuru side to avert conflict: grant the Pāṇḍavas their due share (half the realm) rather than insulting the ‘approaching’ royal fortune that comes with righteous settlement.