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Shloka 14

Gālava Completes the Horse-Gift: Garuḍa’s Counsel and Viśvāmitra’s Acceptance (गालव-विष्वामित्र-सम्बन्धः)

कामतो हि धनं राजा पारक्‍्यं य: प्रयच्छति । न स धर्मेण धर्मात्मन्‌ युज्यते यशसा न च,“धर्मात्मन! जो राजा पराये धनका अपनी इच्छाके अनुसार दान करता है, उसे धर्म और यशकी प्राप्ति नहीं होती है

kāmato hi dhanaṃ rājā pārakyaṃ yaḥ prayacchati | na sa dharmeṇa dharmātman yujyate yaśasā na ca ||

Nārada said: “O righteous-minded one, a king who, merely at his own pleasure, gives away wealth that belongs to others does not become aligned with dharma; nor does he gain true renown. Such ‘generosity’ is not virtue, for it is founded on injustice.”

कामतःaccording to (his) desire; at will
कामतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकाम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त: 'from/according to desire')
हिindeed; for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
Formनिपात
धनम्wealth
धनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
पारक्यम्belonging to another; someone else’s
पारक्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपारक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (धनम् इति विशेषणम्)
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
प्रयच्छतिgives; bestows
प्रयच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु) / यच्छ् (धातु) (प्र-उपसर्गयुक्त: प्रयच्छति)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formनिषेध
सःhe; that (person)
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
धर्मेणby/through righteousness; in accordance with dharma
धर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
धर्मात्मन्O righteous-souled one
धर्मात्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, संबोधन, एकवचन
युज्यतेis in accord; is connected; is proper
युज्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद (कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोग: 'is joined/accords')
यशसाwith fame; by glory
यशसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formनिषेध
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formसमुच्चय

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
R
rājā (king)

Educational Q&A

Charity becomes dharmic only when it is grounded in justice and rightful ownership. A ruler who donates what belongs to others—simply because he can—commits wrongdoing; such giving neither accords with dharma nor produces genuine, lasting fame.

Nārada is instructing a ‘dharmātman’ (a virtuous interlocutor) on standards of righteous rule. He critiques arbitrary royal ‘generosity’ that violates others’ property rights, emphasizing that a king’s actions must be lawful and ethical, not merely impressive or self-willed.