Shloka 14

Saṃsāra-mārga-vistaraḥ

Vidura’s Expanded Account of the Path

Devanagari script

तेषां हयानां यो वेगं धावतामनुधावति । स तु संसारचक्रे5स्मिं श्रक्रवत्‌ परिवर्तते

Transliteration

teṣāṃ hayānāṃ yo vegaṃ dhāvatām anudhāvati | sa tu saṃsāracakre 'smiṃ śakra-vat parivartate ||

Translation

Vidura said: “Whoever runs after the rushing speed of those horses—chasing them as they gallop—he keeps turning round and round in this wheel of worldly existence, like Śakra himself.”

Word by Word

• तेषाम्: of those
• तेषाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, plural

• हयानाम्: of the horses
• हयानाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: हय
• Form: masculine, genitive, plural

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• वेगम्: speed, momentum
• वेगम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेग
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• धावताम्: of (those) running
• धावताम्: Sambandha
• Type: Verb
• Root: धाव्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), masculine/neuter, genitive, plural

• अनुधावति: runs after, follows in running
• अनुधावति: Kriya
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-धाव्
• Form: present, third, singular, parasmaipada

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• तु: but, indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• संसारचक्रे: in the wheel/cycle of transmigration
• संसारचक्रे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संसारचक्र
• Form: neuter, locative, singular

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: masculine/neuter, locative, singular

• शक्रवत्: like Śakra (Indra)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शक्रवत्

• परिवर्तते: turns around, revolves
• परिवर्तते: Kriya
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-वृत्
• Form: present, third, singular, ātmanepada

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vidura
• haya (horses)
• saṃsāra-cakra (wheel of worldly existence)
• Śakra (Indra)