Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 23

Saṃsāra-Gahana Allegory: The Brāhmaṇa in the Forest and Well (संसारगहन-आख्यान)

वृक्षप्रपाताच्च भयं मूषिकेभ्यश्व॒ पज्चमम्‌ | मधुलोभान्मधुकरै: षष्ठमाहुर्महद्‌ भयम्‌,जिस वृक्षके सहारे वह लटका हुआ है, उसे काले और सफेद चूहे निरन्तर काट रहे हैं। पहले तो उसे वनके दुर्गम प्रदेशके भीतर ही अनेक सर्पोंसे भय है, दूसरा भय सीमापर खड़ी हुई उस भयंकर स्त्रीसे है, तीसरा कुँएके नीचे बैठे हुए नागसे है, चौथा कुँएके मुखबन्धके पास खड़े हुए हाथीसे है और पाँचवाँ भय चूहोंके काट देनेपर उस वृक्षसे गिर जानेका है। इनके सिवा, मधुके लोभसे मधुमक्खियोंकी ओरसे जो उसको महान्‌ भय प्राप्त होनेवाला है, वह छठा भय बताया गया है

vṛkṣaprapātāc ca bhayaṃ mūṣikebhyaś ca pañcamam | madhulobhān madhukaraiḥ ṣaṣṭham āhur mahad bhayam ||

The fifth danger is the fear of falling from the tree-support, because black and white mice ceaselessly gnaw at it. Beyond these, driven by craving for honey, he incurs a sixth and great peril from the bees themselves.

वृक्षfrom the tree
वृक्ष:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवृक्ष
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
प्रपातात्from falling/downfall
प्रपातात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रपात
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भयम्fear
भयम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मूषिकेभ्यःfrom mice/rats
मूषिकेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमूषिक
FormMasculine, Ablative, Plural
पञ्चमम्the fifth
पञ्चमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मधुfrom/for honey
मधु:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमधु
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
लोभात्from greed
लोभात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootलोभ
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
मधुकरैःby bees
मधुकरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमधुकर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
षष्ठम्the sixth
षष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootषष्ठ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आहुःthey say/call
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural
महत्great
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भयम्fear
भयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
T
tree (vṛkṣa)
F
fall/downfall (prapāta)
M
mice/rats (mūṣikāḥ)
H
honey (madhu)
B
bees (madhukarāḥ)

Educational Q&A

Even when life is surrounded by obvious dangers, craving for small pleasures (symbolized by honey) makes a person careless; time (symbolized by mice) steadily destroys one’s supports, so attachment accelerates downfall. The ethical lesson is to restrain greed and cultivate awareness, self-control, and detachment.

Within Vidura’s well-and-tree allegory, the man’s support is being gnawed by mice, creating the fifth fear: he may fall. Yet he still reaches for honey, which brings a sixth great danger from the bees—showing how desire persists despite imminent peril.