Shloka 4
Adharmic Victory as Unstable; Rules of Restraint, Mediation, and Conciliation (अधर्मविजय-अध्रुवत्व तथा क्षमा-नयः)
Devanagari script
बलेन विजितो यश्व न त॑ युध्येत भूमिप: । संवत्सरं विप्रणयेत् तस्माज्जात: पुनर्भवेत्
Transliteration
bhīṣma uvāca | balena vijito yaśva na taṁ yudhyeta bhūmipaḥ | saṁvatsaraṁ vipraṇayet tasmāj jātaḥ punar bhavet |
Translation
Bhishma said: “O Yudhishthira, when a king has been overcome by superior force, he should not continue to fight that victor. Instead, he should live for a year in disciplined restraint and conciliation; from that self-control he is, as it were, born anew—restored in strength and fitness to act.”
Word by Word
बलेनby force/strength
बलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
विजितःconquered/defeated
विजितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि+जि (विजित)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
तंhim
तं:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युध्येतshould fight
युध्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormVidhi-linga (Optative), Atmanepada, 3rd, Singular
भूमिपःking (protector of the earth)
भूमिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि+प (भूमिप)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संवत्सरम्for a year
संवत्सरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विप्रणयेत्should lead away/keep away (in exile/away from rule)
विप्रणयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि+प्र+नी
FormVidhi-linga (Optative), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular
तस्मात्from that/thereafter
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
जातःborn/arisen
जातः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजन् (जात)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
भवेत्should become/should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormVidhi-linga (Optative), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhishmaY
YudhishthiraB
bhūmipa (king)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Sandhi Notes