Shloka 55
यदि मनुष्योंका सम्मान किया जाय तो वे सम्मान-दाताके हितके लिये अपने पुत्रों और स्त्रियोंको भी छोड़ देते हैं। समस्त प्राणियोंको अपने पक्षमें मिलाये रखना, दान देना, मीठे वचन बोलना, प्रमादका त्याग करना तथा बाहर और भीतरसे पवित्र रहना--से राजाका ऐश्वर्य बढ़ानेवाले बहुत बड़े साधन हैं। मान्धाता! तुम इन सब बातोंकी ओरसे कभी प्रमाद न करना ।। अप्रमत्तो भवेद् राजा छिद्रदर्शी परात्मनो: । नास्यच्छिद्रं पर: पश्येच्छिद्रेषु परमन्वियात्,राजाको सदा सावधान रहना चाहिये। वह शत्रुका तथा अपना भी छिद्र देखे और यह प्रयत्न करे कि शत्रु मेरा छिद्र अच्छी तरह न देखने पाये; परंतु यदि शत्रुके छिठ्रों (दुर्बलताओं) का पता लग जाय तो वह उसपर चढ़ाई कर दे
yadi manuṣyāṇāṁ sammānaḥ kriyate tarhi te sammāna-dātuḥ hitāya svaputrān striyaś ca api tyajanti | sarva-prāṇināṁ svapakṣe saṅgrahaḥ, dānam, madhura-vacanam, pramāda-tyāgaḥ, bahiḥ-antar-śaucaṁ ca—etāni rājña aiśvarya-vardhanāni mahā-sādhanāni | māndhātaḥ, tvam etāsu sarvāsūktāsu kadācit pramādaṁ mā kṛthāḥ || apramatto bhaved rājā chidra-darśī parātmanoḥ | nāsyacchidraṁ paraḥ paśyec chidreṣu param anviyāt ||
Utathya said: “If people are treated with honor, they will even abandon their own sons and wives for the benefit of the one who honors them. Winning all beings to one’s side, giving gifts, speaking sweetly, abandoning negligence, and maintaining purity outwardly and inwardly—these are great means by which a king’s prosperity grows. O Māndhātṛ, never be careless regarding these. A king should always be vigilant, discerning the vulnerabilities of both enemy and self. He should strive that the enemy not clearly perceive his own weak points; but if he discovers the enemy’s weaknesses, he should press upon them without delay.”
उतथ्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
A king’s power rests on ethical statecraft: honor people to secure loyalty, practice generosity and gentle speech, maintain inner and outer purity, and above all remain vigilant—conceal one’s own vulnerabilities while discerning and acting upon the enemy’s weaknesses.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rāja-dharma, the sage Utathya counsels King Māndhātṛ on practical governance: how to build allegiance through respect and gifts, cultivate disciplined conduct, and apply strategic alertness in dealing with rivals.