Shloka 4
कर्म शूद्रे कृषिवैंश्ये दण्डनीतिश्न राजनि । ब्रह्मचर्य तपो मन्त्रा: सत्यं चापि द्विजातिषु,शूद्रमें द्विजोंकी सेवा, वैश्यमें कृषि, राजा या क्षत्रियमें दण्डनीति तथा ब्राह्मणोंमें ब्रह्मचर्य, तपस्या, वेदमन्त्र और सत्यकी प्रधानता है
karma śūdre kṛṣi-vaiśye daṇḍanītiś ca rājani | brahmacaryaṁ tapo mantrāḥ satyaṁ cāpi dvijātiṣu ||
Utathya said: “For the Śūdra, the proper sphere is work and service; for the Vaiśya, agriculture and allied livelihood; for the king (the Kṣatriya), the discipline of governance and punishment in accordance with dharma and law; and for the twice-born, the primacy of celibate discipline, austerity, Vedic mantras, and truth. Thus each social order is upheld by its own defining duties, sustaining moral order in society.”
उतथ्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse outlines varṇa-based dharma: each social order is sustained by its characteristic duties—service/work for Śūdra, agriculture for Vaiśya, lawful governance and punishment for the king/Kṣatriya, and for the twice-born the primacy of disciplined conduct, austerity, Vedic study/recitation, and truthfulness.
In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and social stability, the sage Utathya speaks as a teacher, summarizing how different roles in society are meant to function ethically so that order (dharma) is maintained after the devastation of war.