Shloka 19

मा सम तात रणे स्थित्वा भुज्जीथा दुर्बलं जनम्‌ । मा त्वां दुर्बलचक्षूंषि दहन्त्वग्निरिवाश्रयम्‌,तात! तुम युद्धमें संलग्न होकर दुर्बल मनुष्यको कर लेनेके द्वारा अपने उपभोगका विषय न बनाना। जैसे आग अपने आश्रयभूत काष्ठको जला देती है, उसी प्रकार दुर्बलोंकी दृष्टि तुम्हें दग्ध न कर डाले

mā sama tāta raṇe sthitvā bhuñjīthā durbalaṃ janam | mā tvāṃ durbalacakṣūṃṣi dahantv agnir ivāśrayam, tāta ||

Utathya said: “Dear child, do not, while standing in battle, make the weak your prey and turn them into an object of your enjoyment. Beware: the gaze of the helpless can burn you—just as fire consumes the very fuel that shelters it.”

माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
समtogether; fully; in close combat
सम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
तातdear one; son (address)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
स्थित्वाhaving stood; having taken position
स्थित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
भुज्जीथाःyou should enjoy/consume (here: do not prey upon)
भुज्जीथाः:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Optative (injunctive sense with mā), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
दुर्बलम्weak
दुर्बलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्बल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जनम्person; people
जनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormAccusative, Singular
दुर्बलचक्षूंषिthe eyes (glances) of the weak
दुर्बलचक्षूंषि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्बलचक्षुस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
दहन्तुmay (they) burn
दहन्तु:
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
FormLot (imperative), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
अग्निःfire
अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike; as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आश्रयम्support; refuge; that which is depended on
आश्रयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तातdear one; son (address)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

उतथ्य उवाच

U
Utathya
T
tāta (addressed person, unnamed)
A
agni (fire)
Ā
āśraya (support/refuge, implied as wood/fuel)

Educational Q&A

Even in warfare, dharma forbids exploiting the powerless; harming the weak invites moral and karmic backlash, symbolized by the ‘burning’ gaze of the helpless.

Utathya admonishes a younger person (addressed as ‘tāta’) not to prey upon weak people during battle, warning through a vivid simile that the suffering and resentment of the oppressed can destroy the aggressor like fire consuming its own support.