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Shloka 10

Vyavahāra-Śuddhi and Rājadharma: Clean Administration, Counsel, and Proportional Punishment

Chapter 86

श्रुतिस्मृतिसमायुक्तं विनीतं समदर्शिनम्‌ । कार्य विवदमानानां शक्तमर्थेष्वलोलुपम्‌,राजाको चाहिये कि जो वेदविद्याके विद्वान, निर्भीक, बाहर-भीतरसे शुद्ध एवं स्नातक हों, ऐसे चार ब्राह्मण, शरीरसे बलवान्‌ तथा शस्त्रधारी आठ क्षत्रिय, धन-धान्यसे सम्पन्न इक्कीस वैश्य, पवित्र आचार-विचारवाले तीन विनयशील शूद्र तथा आठः गुणोंसे युक्त एवं पुराणविद्याको जाननेवाला एक सूत जातिका मनुष्य--इन सब लोगोंका एक मन्त्रिमण्डल बनावे। उस सूतकी अवस्था लगभग पचास वर्षकी हो और वह निर्भीक, दोषदृष्टिसे रहित, श्रुतियों और स्मृतियोंके ज्ञानसे सम्पन्न, विनयशील, समदर्शी, वादी-प्रतिवादीके मामलोंका निपटारा करनेमें समर्थ, लोभरहित और अत्यन्त भयंकर सातः प्रकारके दुर्व्यसनोंसे बहुत दूर रहनेवाला हो। ऐसे आठ मन्त्रियोंके बीचमें राजा गुप्त मन्त्रणा करे

śrutismṛtisamāyuktaṃ vinītaṃ samadarśinam | kārya-vivadamānānāṃ śaktam artheṣv alolupam ||

Bhishma said: “(The king should appoint as a counsellor) one who is grounded in both revelation and tradition (śruti and smṛti), disciplined in conduct, impartial in outlook, competent to settle disputes arising in matters of duty and administration, and free from greed in questions of wealth and advantage.”

श्रुति-स्मृति-समायुक्तम्endowed with (knowledge of) śruti and smṛti
श्रुति-स्मृति-समायुक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रुति + स्मृति + समायुक्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विनीतम्well-disciplined, humble
विनीतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविनीत (नी धातु, क्त)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समदर्शिनम्impartial, seeing equally
समदर्शिनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमदर्शिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कार्येin a matter/case (to be done)
कार्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
विवदमानानाम्of disputing (persons)
विवदमानानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविवदमान (वि+वद् धातु, शतृ)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
शक्तम्capable, competent
शक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्त (शक् धातु, क्त)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अर्थेषुin matters/affairs
अर्थेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
अलोलुपम्not greedy, non-covetous
अलोलुपम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअलोलुप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

A king’s counsellor should unite scriptural learning (śruti–smṛti) with character: discipline, impartiality, practical competence in resolving disputes, and freedom from greed—so that policy and justice are guided by dharma rather than self-interest.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on kingship, Bhīṣma lays down criteria for selecting advisers. This verse highlights the personal and ethical qualifications expected of a key minister or judge-like counsellor in the royal council.