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Shloka 4

Chapter 81: Trust, Allies, and the Qualifications of the King’s Artha-Secretary (अर्थसचिव)

धर्मात्मा पञज्चमश्षापि मित्र नैकस्य न द्वयो: । यतो धर्मस्ततो वा स्याद्‌ धर्मस्थो वा ततो भवेत्‌,इनके सिवा, राजाका एक पाँचवाँ मित्र धर्मात्मा पुरुष होता है, वह किसी एकका पक्षपाती नहीं होता और न दोनों पक्षोंसे वेतन लेकर कपटपूर्वक दोनोंका ही मित्र बना रहता है। जिस पक्षमें धर्म होता है, उसी ओर वह भी हो जाता है अथवा जो धर्मपरायण राजा है, वही उसका आश्रय ग्रहण कर लेता है। ऐसे धर्मात्मा पुरुषको जो कार्य न रुचे, वह उसके सामने नहीं प्रकाशित करना चाहिये; क्योंकि विजयकी इच्छा रखनेवाले राजा कभी धर्ममार्गसे चलते हैं और कभी अधर्ममार्गसे

bhīṣma uvāca | dharmātmā pañcamaś cāpi mitraṃ naikasya na dvayoḥ | yato dharmas tato vā syād dharmastho vā tato bhavet ||

Bhishma said: A righteous man is also counted as a fifth kind of ally. He does not become the partisan of only one side, nor does he deceitfully pose as a friend to both by taking payment from each. He aligns himself with the side where dharma truly stands; or else he attaches himself to that king who is firmly established in dharma. Therefore, one should not disclose before such a righteous man a plan that would be displeasing to him—for kings who seek victory sometimes proceed by the path of dharma and sometimes by the path of adharma.

धर्मात्माrighteous-souled
धर्मात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पञ्चमःthe fifth
पञ्चमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अशापिalso without hope (i.e., not expecting gain)
अशापि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअशा + अपि
मित्रम्friend
मित्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एकस्यof one (party/person)
एकस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
द्वयोःof two (both parties)
द्वयोः:
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual
यतःwhere/whence; in whichever side
यतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतस्
धर्मःdharma; righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthere; on that side
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततस्
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
स्यात्would be; should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
धर्मस्थःstanding in dharma; righteous
धर्मस्थः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मस्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
ततःfrom there; accordingly
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततस्
भवेत्would become; should become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma