Shloka 8

Rājapurohita-lakṣaṇa and Purūravas–Vāyu Saṃvāda

Varṇa, Sovereignty, and Abhaya-dāna

Devanagari script

वैश्यस्तु धनधान्येन त्रीन्‌ वर्णान्‌ विधृयादिमान्‌ । शूद्रो होतान्‌ परिचरेदिति ब्रह्मानुशासनम्‌,वैश्य धन-धान्यके द्वारा इन तीनों वर्णोका पोषण करे और शाूद्र शेष तीनों वर्णोंकी सेवामें संलग्न रहे, यह ब्रह्माजीका आदेश है

Transliteration

vaiśyastu dhanadhānyena trīn varṇān vidhṛyād imān | śūdro hotān paricared iti brahmānuśāsanam ||

Translation

Purūravas said: “By means of wealth and grain, the Vaiśya should sustain these three social orders; and the Śūdra should attend upon and serve the other three—such is the ordinance laid down by Brahmā.”

Word by Word

• वैश्यः: the Vaishya
• वैश्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैश्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• धनधान्येन: by wealth and grain
• धनधान्येन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन-धान्य
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• त्रीन्: three
• त्रीन्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• वर्णान्: classes/varnas
• वर्णान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• विधृयात्: should support/maintain
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-धृ
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• इमान्: these
• इमान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• शूद्रः: the Shudra
• शूद्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूद्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• होतान्: the (sacrificial) priests/Hotrs
• होतान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• परिचरेत्: should serve/attend upon
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-चर्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• ब्रह्मानुशासनम्: Brahma's injunction/command
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्म-अनुशासन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

पुरूरवा उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Purūravas
• Brahmā
• Vaiśya
• Śūdra
• Varṇas (three other orders)