Shloka 19
Rājapurohita-lakṣaṇa and Purūravas–Vāyu Saṃvāda
Varṇa, Sovereignty, and Abhaya-dāna
Devanagari script
राष्ट्र चरन्ति यं धर्म राज्ञा साध्वभिरक्षिता:
Transliteration
rāṣṭraṃ caranti yaṃ dharmaṃ rājñā sādhv-abhirakṣitāḥ
Translation
A kingdom prospers by following that dharma which is rightly protected by a virtuous king; under such guardianship, the people move and live in orderly conduct.
Word by Word
राष्ट्रेin the kingdom/state
राष्ट्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
चरन्तिthey move/live/act
चरन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
यम्whom/which
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma; righteous law/duty
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राज्ञाby the king
राज्ञा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
साधुभिःby the good/virtuous (people)
साधुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसाधु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
रक्षिताprotected/guarded
रक्षिता:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
FormPast Passive Participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
ऐल उवाच
Characters & Entities
R
rājā (the king)R
rāṣṭra (the kingdom/realm)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Dharma is not merely personal virtue but a public order that must be actively safeguarded by a righteous ruler; when the king protects dharma, society can live and function in stability and moral discipline.
Aiḷa speaks about the relationship between the king and the realm, emphasizing that the people’s conduct in the kingdom depends on the dharma that a virtuous king upholds and protects.