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Shloka 25

Āśrama-dharma: Duties of the Four Life-Stages (आश्रमधर्मः)

षण्णामेकां पिबेद्‌ धेनुं शताच्च मिथुन हरेत्‌ । लब्धाच्च सप्तमं भागं तथा शृड्गे कलां खुरे,वैश्य यदि राजा या किसी दूसरेकी छः: दुधारू गौओंका एक वर्षतक पालन करे तो उनमेंसे एक गौका दूध वह स्वयं पीये (यही उसके लिये वेतन है)। यदि दूसरेकी एक सौ गौओंका वह पालन करे तो सालभरमें एक गाय और एक बैल मालिकसे वेतनके रूपमें ले ले। यदि उन पशुओंके दूध आदि बेचनेसे धन प्राप्त हो तो उसमें सातवाँ भाग वह अपने वेतनके रूपमें ग्रहण करे। सींग बेचनेसे जो धन मिले, उसमेंसे भी वह सातवाँ भाग ही ले; परंतु पशुविशेषका बहुमूल्य खुर बेचनेसे जो धन प्राप्त हो, उसका सोलहवाँ भाग ही उसे ग्रहण करना चाहिये

ṣaṇṇām ekāṃ pibed dhenuṃ śatāc ca mithunaṃ haret | labdhāc ca saptamaṃ bhāgaṃ tathā śṛṅge kalāṃ khure ||

Bhishma said: If a man tends another’s six milch-cows for a year, he may drink the milk of one cow as his wage. If he tends a hundred cows, he may take, at the end of the year, a pair (a cow and a bull) as remuneration. If profit is obtained by selling milk and the like, he should take a seventh share as his wage; likewise, from the proceeds of selling horns he should take only a seventh. But from the sale of a particularly valuable hoof, he should take only a sixteenth. Thus the wage of a herdsman is to be fixed by fair proportion, avoiding greed and protecting the owner’s property while ensuring the worker’s livelihood.

षण्णाम्of six
षण्णाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootषट्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
एकाम्one (female)
एकाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पिबेत्should drink
पिबेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपा (पिबति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
धेनुम्a milch-cow
धेनुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
शतात्from a hundred
शतात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootशत
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मिथुनम्a pair (cow and bull)
मिथुनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमिथुन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हरेत्should take
हरेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहृ (हरति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
लब्धात्from what is obtained / from the gain
लब्धात्:
Apadana
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सप्तमम्the seventh (part)
सप्तमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसप्तम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भागम्share, portion
भागम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाlikewise, similarly
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
शृङ्गेin/with the two horns
शृङ्गे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशृङ्ग
FormNeuter, Locative, Dual
कलाम्a fraction/portion (a sixteenth)
कलाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकला
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
खुरेin/with the hoof
खुरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootखुर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
C
cow (dhenu)
P
pair of cattle (mithuna)
H
horn (śṛṅga)
H
hoof (khura)