Shloka 63
Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)
चैत्यद्रुमावमर्दश्व॒ रोध: कर्मानुशासनम् | अपस्करो5थ वसनं तथोपायाश्ष वर्णिता:,शत्रुकी राजधानीके चैत्य वृक्षोंका विध्वंस करा देना, उसके निवास-स्थान और नगरपर चारों ओरसे घेरा डालना आदि उपायोंका तथा कृषि एवं शिल्प आदि कर्मोंका उपदेश, रथके विभिन्न अवयवोंका निर्माण, ग्राम और नगर आदिमें निवास करनेकी विधि तथा जीवननिर्वाहके अनेक उपायोंका भी उक्त ग्रन्थमें वर्णन है
bhīṣma uvāca | caityadrumāvamardaś ca rodhaḥ karmānuśāsanam | apaskaro 'tha vasanaṃ tathopāyāś ca varṇitāḥ ||
Bhishma said: In that treatise are also described the measures of policy and warfare—such as destroying the sacred trees (caitya-trees) of an enemy’s capital, laying siege and blockade around his dwelling-place and city, and other stratagems—along with instruction in productive works like agriculture and crafts, the construction of the various parts of a chariot, the proper way of settling in villages and towns, and many practical means of sustaining life.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma highlights that governance and worldly success rely on disciplined instruction in practical arts: strategic measures (upāya) in conflict, economic productivity (agriculture and crafts), and technical knowledge (like chariot construction). The verse situates such skills within an ordered body of teaching, implying that effective rule requires trained competence, not impulse.
Within Bhishma’s extended instruction in the Shanti Parva, he is summarizing what a certain authoritative teaching/text contains: methods for weakening an enemy (including siege and symbolic targets like sacred trees), guidance on occupations and crafts, and practical rules for settlement and sustaining life.