Shloka 14
Rājā–Rāja-Śabda-Prabhavaḥ — The Origin and Rationale of Kingship and Daṇḍanīti
Devanagari script
न वै राज्यं न राजा55सीन्न च दण्डो न दाण्डिक: । धर्मेणैव प्रजा: सर्वा रक्षन्ति सम परस्परम्,पहले न कोई राज्य था, न राजा, न दण्ड था और न दण्ड देनेवाला, समस्त प्रजा धर्मके द्वारा ही एक-दूसरेकी रक्षा करती थी
Transliteration
na vai rājyaṃ na rājāsīn na ca daṇḍo na dāṇḍikaḥ | dharmeṇaiva prajāḥ sarvā rakṣanti sma parasparam ||
Translation
Bhishma said: In the earliest time there was neither a kingdom nor a king; there was neither punishment nor an enforcer of punishment. All people, guided solely by dharma, protected one another in mutual regard.
Word by Word
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
राज्यम्kingdom/state
राज्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नnor
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आसीत्was/existed
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular
नand not
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
दण्डःpunishment/rod (authority)
दण्डः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नnor
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
दाण्डिकःpunisher/one who wields punishment
दाण्डिकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदाण्डिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मेणby dharma/righteousness
धर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवalone/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
प्रजाःsubjects/people
प्रजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
रक्षन्तिprotect
रक्षन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural
समम्equally
समम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
परस्परम्one another/mutually
परस्परम्:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhīṣmaR
rājyaR
rājāD
daṇḍaD
dāṇḍikaP
prajāḥD
dharmaVerse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes