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Shloka 87

Āścarya-kathana: Brāhmaṇa–Nāga Dialogue on Sūrya (Vivasvat) and the ‘Second Sun’ Phenomenon

इत्थं हि दुश्चरो धर्म एष पार्थिवसत्तम | यथैव त्वं तथैवान्ये भवन्तीह विमोहिता:,नृपश्रेष्ठ इस तरह यह धर्म दुष्कर है। तुम्हारी तरह दूसरे लोग भी इसके विषयमें मोहित हो जाते हैं

itthaṃ hi duścaro dharma eṣa pārthivasattama | yathaiva tvaṃ tathaivānye bhavantīha vimohitāḥ ||

“Indeed, O best of kings, this dharma is difficult to practice. Just as you are, so too do other people here become deluded about it.”

इत्थम्thus, in this manner
इत्थम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्थम्
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
दुश्चरःhard to practice
दुश्चरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुश्चर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःdharma, righteous duty
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एषःthis
एषः:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थिव-सत्तमO best of kings
पार्थिव-सत्तम:
TypeNoun (vocative address)
Rootपार्थिव + सत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
तथाso, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective (substantive use)
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भवन्तिbecome, are
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
इहhere, in this matter/world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
विमोहिताःdeluded, bewildered
विमोहिताः:
TypeAdjective (past passive participle)
Rootवि + मुह् (विमोहित)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नृप-श्रेष्ठO best of kings
नृप-श्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun (vocative address)
Rootनृप + श्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
N
nṛpaśreṣṭha (best of kings; addressee)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is subtle and difficult to live out in practice; even sincere and capable people—especially rulers responsible for complex decisions—can become confused about what is right.

Vaiśampāyana addresses a kingly listener, acknowledging the listener’s confusion and generalizing it: many others, like him, become deluded regarding the demands and true nature of dharma.