Shloka 30

Devanagari script

सब्रह्यका: सरद्राश्न सेन्द्रा देवा: सहर्षिभि:

Transliteration

sa-brahmakāḥ śarad-rāśna sendrā devāḥ sahaṛṣibhiḥ

Translation

Arjuna said: “Even the gods—together with Brahmā, with Indra, and accompanied by the seers (ṛṣis)—are present.” This indicates that what is being discussed is not merely human, but is weighed against a cosmic and ethical horizon, where divine and ṛṣi authority frames the standards of dharma.

Word by Word

• स-ब्रह्मकाः: together with Brahmā / having Brahmā (included)
• स-ब्रह्मकाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ब्रह्मक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सरुद्राः: together with Rudra(s)
• सरुद्राः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• स-इन्द्राः: together with Indra(s)
• स-इन्द्राः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सह: together with
• सह: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)

• ऋषिभिः: with the sages
• ऋषिभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

अर्जुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna
• Brahmā
• Indra
• Devas (gods)
• Ṛṣis (seers)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames the issue as one judged by the highest authorities—gods and seers—implying that right action (dharma) is not merely personal preference but aligned with cosmic and scriptural-ṛṣi standards.

What is happening in the narrative?

Arjuna speaks while invoking a grand assembly—Brahmā, Indra, the gods, and the ṛṣis—suggesting that the discussion or decision at hand is of universal significance and is being validated by divine and sage testimony.