Shloka 4
Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)
संन्यासफलिक: कश्चिद् बभूव नृपतिः पुरा । मैथिलो जनको नाम धर्मध्वज इति श्रुत:
saṁnyāsaphalikaḥ kaścid babhūva nṛpatiḥ purā | maithilo janako nāma dharmadhvaja iti śrutaḥ ||
Bhīṣma said: In ancient times there lived a certain king who had attained the true fruit of renunciation. He was Janaka of Mithilā, renowned by the epithet “Dharmadhvaja,” the Banner of Dharma—one who, though remaining in the life of a householder, realized the inner knowledge that is the proper culmination of saṁnyāsa.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights that the essence (fruit) of saṁnyāsa is not merely an external change of status but an inner attainment—right knowledge and detachment—which can be realized even while living as a householder, exemplified by King Janaka.
Bhīṣma introduces an exemplary figure from ancient tradition—Janaka of Mithilā, famed as Dharmadhvaja—to set up an instructive account about dharma and the possibility of spiritual realization within worldly responsibilities.