Shloka 53
सत्त्वस्य रजसश्वैव तमसश्न शृणुष्व मे । अब मैं सत्त्व, रज और तम--इन तीनों गुणोंके द्वन्द्र और संनिपात-का यथार्थरूपसे वर्णन करता हूँ, सुनो
sattvasya rajasaś caiva tamasaś ca śṛṇuṣva me |
Yājñavalkya said: “Listen to me as I set forth the true nature of the three guṇas—sattva, rajas, and tamas—explaining how they oppose one another and how they also combine in various mixtures.”
याज़्वल्क्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse introduces an analysis of the three guṇas—sattva, rajas, and tamas—emphasizing that ethical and psychological states arise from their opposition (dvandva) and their mixed combinations (sannipāta). Understanding these forces is presented as a basis for discernment and right conduct.
In the didactic setting of the Śānti Parva, the sage Yājñavalkya begins a structured exposition: he calls the listener’s attention and announces that he will describe the guṇas in their true form, preparing for a detailed teaching that follows.