Shloka 4
Śuka–Janaka Saṃvāda: Āśrama-krama, Jñāna-vijñāna, and the Marks of Liberation (शुक-जनक संवादः)
Devanagari script
हस्तावध्यात्ममित्याहुर्यथा संख्यानदर्शिन: । कर्तव्यमधिभूतं तु इन्द्रस्तत्राधिदिवतम्
Transliteration
hastāv adhyātmam ity āhur yathā saṅkhyānadarśinaḥ | kartavyam adhibhūtaṃ tu indras tatrādhidaivatam ||
Translation
Yājñavalkya said: “Those who truly discern the categories declare that the ‘hands’ belong to the inner self (the domain of adhyātma). The act that is to be done is the adhibhūta (the objective field of action); and in that very sphere, Indra is spoken of as the presiding deity (adhidaivata).”
Word by Word
हस्तौthe two hands
हस्तौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहस्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अध्यात्मम्the adhyātma (inner/spiritual principle)
अध्यात्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअध्यात्म
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
आहुःthey say
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
यथाas / according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
संख्यानदर्शिनःthose who see/know the enumeration (Sāṅkhya seers)
संख्यानदर्शिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंख्यानदर्शिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कर्तव्यम्what is to be done / duty
कर्तव्यम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्तव्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अधिभूतम्the adhibhūta (elemental/physical principle)
अधिभूतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधिभूत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तुbut / however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्रthere / in that context
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
अधिदैवतम्the adhidaivata (presiding divine principle)
अधिदैवतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधिदैवत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
याज़्वल्क्य उवाच
Characters & Entities
Y
YājñavalkyaI
IndraH
hands (hastau)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Sandhi Notes