Shloka 26
Śuka–Janaka Saṃvāda: Āśrama-krama, Jñāna-vijñāna, and the Marks of Liberation (शुक-जनक संवादः)
तमसो लक्षणानीह भक्षणाद्यभिरोचनम् | भोजनानामपर्याप्तिस्तथा पेयेष्वतृप्तता,मोह, अप्रकाश (अज्ञान), तामिस्र और अन्धतामिस्र--ये सब तमोगुणके लक्षण हैं। इनमें तामिस्र क्रोधका वाचक है और अन्धतामिस्र मरणका। भोजनमें रुचिका न होना, खानेकी वस्तुओंसे तृप्ति या संतोषका अभाव अथवा कितना ही भोजन क्यों न मिले, उसे पर्याप्त न मानना, पीनेकी वस्तुओंसे कभी तृप्त न होना, दुर्गन्धयुक्त वस्त्र, अनुचित विहार, मलिन शय्या और आसनोंका सेवन, दिनमें सोना, अत्यन्त वाद-विवादमें और प्रमादमें अत्यन्त आसक्त रहना, अज्ञानवश नाच-गीत और नाना प्रकारके बाजोंमें श्रद्धा, नाना प्रकारके धर्मोंसे द्वेष--ये तमोगुणके लक्षण हैं
tamaso lakṣaṇānīha bhakṣaṇādy-abhirocanam | bhojanānām aparyāptis tathā peyeṣv atṛptatā ||
Yājñavalkya said: “Here are the marks of tamas (the dark, inert quality): a craving for eating and the like; a sense that food is never enough; and an inability to feel satisfied even with drinks. Such tamasic disposition expresses itself as delusion and lack of inner light (ignorance), sinking into ‘tāmisra’ (blind rage) and ‘andhatāmisra’ (the darkness that ends in death). It shows as distaste for wholesome food, perpetual dissatisfaction no matter how much one receives, never being quenched by what one drinks, delight in foul-smelling garments, improper habits, unclean beds and seats, sleeping by day, excessive addiction to quarrels and heedlessness, infatuation—through ignorance—with dancing, singing, and various instruments, and hostility toward diverse paths of dharma.”
याज़्वल्क्य उवाच