Shloka 23
जनक–सुलभा संवादः
Janaka–Sulabhā Dialogue on Mokṣa and Non-attachment
मशकोदुम्बरे यद्वदन्यत्वं तद्धदेतयो: । मत्स्योदके यथा तद्वदन्यत्वमुपलभ्यते,जैसे गूलर और उसके कीड़े एक साथ रहते हुए भी परस्पर भिन्न हैं, उसी प्रकार प्रकृति और पुरुषमें भी भिन्नता है। जैसे मछली और जल एक-दूसरेसे भिन्न हैं, उसी प्रकार प्रकृति और पुरुषमें भी भेद उपलब्ध होता है
maśakodumbare yadvad anyatvaṃ tad ubhayayoḥ | matsyodake yathā tadvad anyatvam upalabhyate ||
Vasiṣṭha said: “Just as the gnat and the udumbara fig, though found together, are nonetheless distinct from one another, and just as a fish and water are distinct, so too the difference between Prakṛti (material nature) and Puruṣa (the conscious self) is to be discerned. Nearness or coexistence does not erase their separate realities.”
वसिष्ठ उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches viveka (discriminative insight): Prakṛti (nature, guṇas, body-mind) and Puruṣa (conscious self) may appear inseparable in experience, yet they are fundamentally distinct—like fish and water or an insect and the fig it inhabits.
In Śānti Parva’s instructional discourse, the sage Vasiṣṭha explains metaphysical principles to clarify how the self relates to nature. He uses everyday analogies to show that coexistence does not imply identity, guiding the listener toward detachment and liberation-oriented understanding.