Shloka 38
Devanagari script
क्षेत्र जानाति चाव्यक्तं क्षेत्रज्ञ इति चोच्यते । आव्यक्तिके पुरे शेते पुरुषश्वेति कथ्यते,वह अव्यक्तसंज्ञक क्षेत्र (प्रकृति) को जानता है, इसलिये क्षेत्रज्ष कहलाता है और प्राकृत शरीररूपी पुरोंमें अन्तर्यामीरूपसे शयन करनेके कारण उसे “पुरुष' कहते हैं
Translation
Vasiṣṭha said: “He knows the field called the unmanifest (avyakta), namely Prakṛti; therefore he is called kṣetrajña, the Knower of the Field. And because he lies within the ‘cities’—the natural bodies—as the Inner Ruler (antaryāmin), he is spoken of as ‘Puruṣa’.”
Word by Word
क्षेत्रम्the field (body/nature)
क्षेत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जानातिknows
जानाति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अव्यक्तम्the unmanifest
अव्यक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यक्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
क्षेत्रज्ञःknower of the field
क्षेत्रज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्रज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
उच्यतेis called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive
आव्यक्तिकेin the unmanifest-related (prākṛta)
आव्यक्तिके:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootआव्यक्तिक
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
पुरेin the city (body)
पुरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
शेतेlies, dwells
शेते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशी
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
पुरुषःthe person (indweller)
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
कथ्यतेis said/called
कथ्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootकथ्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive
Speaker
वसिष्ठ उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes