Shloka 50
Devanagari script
वर्णानां च क्षयं दृष्टवा क्षयान्तं च पुन: पुन: । जरामृत्युं तथा जन्म दृष्टवा दुःखानि चैव ह,संयोगोंका, युगोंका, पर्वतोंका और सरिताओंका जो क्षय होता है, उसपर दृष्टि डाले। वर्णोका क्षय और क्षयका अन्त भी बारंबार देखे। जन्म, मृत्यु और जरावस्थाके दु:खोंपर दृष्टिपात करे
Translation
Having seen the decline of the varnas and, again and again, the ending of that decline; having seen old age, death, and birth, and the sufferings that attend them—one should contemplate these with deep attention.
Word by Word
वर्णानाम्of the varṇas/classes
वर्णानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
क्षयम्destruction/decay
क्षयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
क्षयान्तम्the end/limit of destruction
क्षयान्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षयान्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुनःagain (repeatedly)
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
जरामृत्युम्old age and death
जरामृत्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजरामृत्यु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
जन्मbirth
जन्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजन्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
दुःखानिsufferings
दुःखानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हindeed (emphatic particle)
ह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes