Shloka 4

Devanagari script

एवं तस्य प्रवृत्तस्य नित्यमेवानुपश्यत: । रागद्वेषौ विवर्धेते हानित्यत्वमपश्यत:,इस प्रकार प्रवृत्तिमार्गमें रहकर वह नित्य ही उन वस्तुओंको देखता है, किंतु उनकी अनित्यताकी ओर उसकी दृष्टि नहीं जाती; इसलिये उसके मनमें इनके प्रति राग और द्वेष बढ़ने लगते हैं

Transliteration

evaṁ tasya pravṛttasya nityam evānupaśyataḥ | rāga-dveṣau vivardhete hānityatvam apaśyataḥ ||

Translation

When a person remains engaged in the outward path of activity and keeps continually looking at sense-objects, yet fails to notice their impermanence, attachment and aversion steadily grow within him. Thus, by overlooking transience, the mind becomes bound by likes and dislikes rather than guided by discernment.

Word by Word

एवम्thus, in this manner

तस्यof him/that

प्रवृत्तस्यof one engaged/active (in worldly activity)

नित्यम्always, constantly

एवindeed, just

अनुपश्यतःhe keeps observing/looking at

रागattachment, passion

द्वेषौaversion/hatred (two: attachment and aversion as a pair)

विवर्धेतेgrow, increase

हानित्यत्वम्impermanence

अपश्यत्did not see

Speaker

पराशर उवाच

Characters & Entities

प

पराशर (Parāśara)

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Continual fixation on objects without insight into their impermanence strengthens rāga (attachment) and dveṣa (aversion). Ethical and spiritual clarity arises from seeing transience; otherwise the mind becomes reactive, driven by likes and dislikes.

What is happening in the narrative?

Parāśara is explaining a psychological-spiritual mechanism: a person who stays in pravṛtti (worldly engagement) keeps observing desirable and undesirable objects, but because he does not perceive their anityatva (impermanence), his inner tendencies of attachment and aversion increase.