Shloka 2

Haṃsa–Sādhya Saṃvāda: Satya, Dama, Kṣamā and the Discipline of Speech

Devanagari script

भीष्म उवाच अत्र ते वर्तयिष्येडहमितिहासं पुरातनम्‌ । अरिष्टनेमिना प्रोक्ते सगरायानुपृच्छते,भीष्मजीने कहा--राजन्‌! इस विषयमें राजा सगरके प्रश्न करनेपर अरिष्टनेमिने जो उत्तर दिया था, वह प्राचीन इतिहास मैं तुम्हें बताऊँगा

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca | atra te vartayiṣyed aham itihāsaṃ purātanam | ariṣṭaneminā prokte sagarāyānupṛcchate ||

Translation

Bhishma said: “Here I shall recount to you an ancient tradition. When King Sagara asked his question, Ariṣṭanemi gave an answer—this old narrative I will now relate to you.”

Word by Word

• भीष्मः: Bhishma
• भीष्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अत्र: here; in this matter
• अत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Dative, Singular

• वर्तयिष्ये: I shall narrate / relate
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत् (वर्तयति)
• Form: Simple Future (Lृट्), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Nominative, Singular

• इतिहासम्: a narrative; history
• इतिहासम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इतिहास
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पुरातनम्: ancient
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरातन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अरिष्टनेमिना: by Arishtanemi
• अरिष्टनेमिना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरिष्टनेमि
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• प्रोक्ते: when (it was) spoken; in what was spoken
• प्रोक्ते: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-वच् (क्त)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• सगराय: to Sagara
• सगराय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सगर
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• अनुपृच्छते: when (he) asks / on (his) asking
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-प्रच्छ्
• Form: Present (लट्), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Ariṣṭanemi
• Sagara