Shloka 16
Haṃsa–Sādhya Saṃvāda: Satya, Dama, Kṣamā and the Discipline of Speech
Devanagari script
स्वयमुत्पद्यते जन्तु: स्वयमेव विवर्धते । सुखदु:खे तथा मृत्युं स्वयमेवाधिगच्छति,प्राणी स्वयं जन्म लेता है, स्वयं बढ़ता है और स्वयं ही सुख-दुःख तथा मृत्युको प्राप्त होता है”
Transliteration
svayam utpadyate jantuḥ svayam eva vivardhate | sukha-duḥkhe tathā mṛtyuṁ svayam evādhigacchati ||
Translation
Bhīṣma said: A living being is born by its own course, grows by its own course, and likewise comes to experience pleasure and pain—and even death—according to the destiny shaped by its own karma. This teaching affirms personal moral responsibility: one cannot finally shift the burden of life’s results onto others.
Word by Word
स्वयम्by oneself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
उत्पद्यतेis born/arises
उत्पद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-पद्
FormLat, Atmanepada, Prathama, Eka, Present
जन्तुःa living being
जन्तुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन्तु
FormPum, Prathama, Eka
स्वयम्by oneself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विवर्धतेgrows/increases
विवर्धते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-वृध्
FormLat, Atmanepada, Prathama, Eka, Present
सुखदुःखेpleasure and pain
सुखदुःखे:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख-दुःख
FormNapumsaka, Dvitīyā, Dvi
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
मृत्युम्death
मृत्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormPum, Dvitīyā, Eka
स्वयम्by oneself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अधिगच्छतिattains/undergoes
अधिगच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-गम्
FormLat, Parasmaipada, Prathama, Eka, Present
प्राणीthe living being
प्राणी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणिन्
FormPum, Prathama, Eka
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhīṣmaJ
jantu (living being)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes