Shloka 40
Adhyāya 283: Varṇa-vṛtti, Nyāya-ārjana, and the Decline-and-Restoration of Dharma (वर्णवृत्तिः न्यायार्जनं च)
Devanagari script
ऋषयो न प्रकाशन्ते न देवा न च मानुषा: । एवं तु तिमिरीभूते निर्दहन्त्यपमानिता:,उस समय आग नहीं जलती थी, सूर्यका प्रकाश फीका पड़ गया; ग्रह, नक्षत्र और चन्द्रमा भी निस्तेज हो गये। इस प्रकार वहाँ चारों ओर अँधेरा छा गया। देवता, ऋषि और मनुष्य--सभी छिप गये--कोई दिखायी नहीं देते थे। दक्षसे अपमानित हुए रुद्रगण यज्ञशालामें सब ओर आग लगाने लगे
Transliteration
ṛṣayo na prakāśante na devā na ca mānuṣāḥ | evaṃ tu timirībhūte nirdahanty apamānitāḥ ||
Translation
Dakṣa said: “Neither the seers were visible, nor the gods, nor even human beings. When everything had thus become shrouded in darkness, those who had been insulted began to burn (the place) in retaliation.”
Word by Word
ऋषयःsages
ऋषयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
प्रकाशन्तेappear / are seen / shine forth
प्रकाशन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रकाश्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
देवाःgods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
मानुषाःhumans
मानुषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमानुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
तुbut / indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तिमिरीभूतेwhen it had become dark / in darkness
तिमिरीभूते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootतिमिरीभूत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
निर्दहन्तिthey burn / set on fire
निर्दहन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootनिर्दह्
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
अपमानिताःinsulted / dishonoured
अपमानिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपमानित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
दक्ष उवाच
Characters & Entities
D
DakṣaṚ
ṛṣayaḥ (seers)D
devāḥ (gods)M
mānuṣāḥ (humans)A
apamānitāḥ (the insulted ones; contextually Rudra’s attendants)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes