Shloka 23

तं॑ सन्‍्तो विधिवत प्राप्य गच्छन्ति परमां गतिम्‌ | गृहेभ्य एव निष्क्रम्य वनमन्ये समाश्रिता:,श्रेष्ठ पुरुष विधिपूर्वक उन सब आश्रमोंमें प्रवेश करके उनके धर्मका पालन करते हुए परम-गतिको प्राप्त होते हैं। उनमेंसे कुछ लोग तो घरसे निकलकर (अर्थात्‌ संन्यासी होकर), कुछ लोग वानप्रस्थका आश्रय लेकर, कुछ मानव गृहस्थ ही रहकर और कोई ब्रह्मचर्य आश्रमका सेवन करते हुए ही उस आश्रमधर्मका पालन करके परमपदको प्राप्त होते हैं। उस समय वे ही द्विजगण आकाशमें ज्योति-मयरूपसे दिखायी देते हैं, जो कि नक्षत्रोंके समान ही आकाशके विभिन्न स्थानोंमें अनेक तारागण हैं--इन सबने संतोषके द्वारा ही यह अनन्त पद प्राप्त किया है, ऐसा वैदिक सिद्धान्त है

taṁ santaḥ vidhivat prāpya gacchanti paramāṁ gatim | gṛhebhya eva niṣkramya vanam anye samāśritāḥ ||

Kapila said: “Having duly attained that discipline, the wise reach the highest goal. Some depart from the household and go forth to the forest; others take refuge in the forest-dweller’s life. In this way, by entering the stages of life in the proper manner and faithfully observing their respective duties, they attain the supreme state.”

तम्him/that (goal/state)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
सन्तःthe good/virtuous people
सन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विधि-वत्according to rule, duly
विधि-वत्:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविधिवत्
प्राप्यhaving attained
प्राप्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
गच्छन्तिthey go
गच्छन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
परमाम्supreme
परमाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गतिम्state/goal, destination
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

कपिल उवाच

K
Kapila
S
santaḥ (the wise/virtuous)
G
gṛha (household)
V
vana (forest)

Educational Q&A

Liberation is reached by the virtuous through disciplined, rule-guided practice of dharma—especially by properly entering and observing the duties of one’s life-stage (āśrama), whether remaining a householder or moving toward forest-life and renunciation.

Kapila is instructing about the paths followed by the wise: some leave household life and go to the forest, while others adopt different regulated modes of life. The emphasis is on orderly transition and faithful observance of prescribed duties leading to the supreme goal.